Word of the Week – Rude and Rudimentary

Word of the Week – Rude and Rudimentary

Ever wonder what rude and rudimentary have in common? They sure sound alike…but these days, rude indicates bad manners, and rudimentary means basic. Are they related?

You bet they are! Both come from the same Latin root, rudis, which means “rough, crude, unlearned.” Think of this not as necessarily bad, but as “raw”–from there, rude came into English meaning the same thing by the late 1200s, with that sense of “coarse, unfinished.” But it only took about a hundred years for people to begin applying it to each other when they did mean something negative–because if one’s manners are raw and unfinished and coarse, that usually meant one “ill-mannered, boorish, ignorant, uneducated” or “marked by incivility.”

As for rudimentary, it starts from that same root, but didn’t become a word until 1819, but from the 1500s onward we had the same meaning carried in rudimental. Here, they both mean “undeveloped or elemental.” Rudiments is also from the 1540s, with that meaning of “elements”–the raw things that haven’t had anything done to them.

Word Nerds Unite!

Read More Word of the Week Posts

Word of the Week – Hurry

Word of the Week – Hurry

Did you know that Shakespeare was the first to use the word hurry (at least in writing)? It’s true! And he used it quite often. But though he gives us our first recorded uses, the word comes from a long line of similar words, going back to the Proto-Germanic (that just means first or root Germanic language) hurza, which meant “to move with haste.” From that came the Middle English hurren, which was used to describe the rapid vibration and buzz of insects. Hurry may have adopted its new ending because of the influence of harry.

Other Germanic languages like Middle High German and Old Swedish both have similar words (hurren and hurra), which both mean “to whirl or whir, to move fast.”

Hurry up as a command to make haste dates from the 1890s.

Word Nerds Unite!

Read More Word of the Week Posts

Word of the Week – August, Take 2

Word of the Week – August, Take 2

A couple years ago, I did a post on August, diving into the Latin roots and how July and August were both renamed for emperors…and sharing a silly epiphany I had about it in high school. You can (and should!) read that post here.

But I was so busy sharing my silliness that I decided not to make that post any longer with other fascinating tidbits about August…so here we are, back again!

First, a bit more on the Roman renaming of the months after emperors. Did you know that when they renamed the seventh month July and the eighth month August, they also renamed September and October to be Germanicus and Domitian? They totally did! But for whatever reason, those second two didn’t stick, and only the first two did.

But what about in the English speaking world? What was this month called before England adopted the Roman names in the late 11th century?

They called it Weodmonað, which literally translates to “weed month.”

Go ahead. Laugh. I know I did.

This “weed month” was, at the time at least, considered to be the first month of autumn in England (whereas August in America is considered the last month of summer, and it’s often the hottest month of the year–but “weed month” still works on this side of the pond!)

Word Nerds Unite!

Read More Word of the Week Posts

Word of the Week – Goggles

Word of the Week – Goggles

Ever wonder where the word goggles comes from? It’s pretty funny-sounding, when you think about it. And it’s history is rather amusing too.

Goggle began life not as a noun, but as a verb. It dates from the 1530s, coming from the Middle English with a meaning of “to roll the eyes.” In Middle English, the word had also come to mean squint-eyed. Why? Because of a mis-translation from Latin! The Latin term actually meant “one-eyed.” So…close? LOL

It’s because of this clear association with eyes, though, that we eventually arrive at our current meaning. Goggles as a noun meaning “spectacles; protective eye-wear” dates from 1715!

As for swimming goggles, various items have been used over the centuries, but the evolution of what we think of today started in 1911, when a swimmer used motorcycle goggles swam across the English Channel. They were leaky, but clearly the concept caught on! In 1926 the first female to swim the English Channel improved on that design, adding a paraffin seal for waterproofing. And in 1936 the first patent was filed for waterproof goggles made for swimming.

Word Nerds Unite!

Read More Word of the Week Posts

Word of the Week – Air-Conditioning

Word of the Week – Air-Conditioning

Coming as I do from a state below the Mason-Dixon line, we have humid, hot summers…and so, love our air-conditioners.

But where did these things come from, and when? Did the words always mean devices that cool us?

Nope! When the terms air-conditioning and air-conditioner were coined, they meant something very different. Dating from 1909, these terms were invented for use in textile manufacturing. The moisture-content of the air was critical in spinning cotton into a fine yarn, so machines were built that were meant to cleanse the air and regulate the moisture content.

But of course, though industry may pave the way, the general populace tends to pick up on clever inventions too, right? By the 1930s, large stores and restaurants were using similar methods to cool the air.

Are you from a region where air-conditioning is considered mandatory?

Word Nerds Unite!

Read More Word of the Week Posts

Word of the Week – Cooler

Word of the Week – Cooler

When we think of a cooler, we think of a portable, insulated box that keeps things cold, right? That’s certainly the most common use these days, anyway.

But when cooler first joined the English language in the 1570s, it was instead referring to a vessel in which you’d put something hot that needed to cool off. (My family owns a farm, and in the shed there’s a cooler, which is an entire room, a walk-in refrigerator, which clearly comes from that same idea of making cool, not keeping cool.)

This “cool off” meaning was what led cooler to be adopted as a slang term for “jail” in 1884.

So what about those portable boxes? Those weren’t invented and named until 1944!

 

Word Nerds Unite!

Read More Word of the Week Posts